Reducing the energy costs at one's facility must surely be one of the most effective and achievable strategies for lowering operating costs. This workshop gives you the practical tools to identify and implement programs and projects to reduce energy consumption in the most effective and practical ways. You will be provided with the skills and latest knowledge on proven methods of making real savings in your energy bills. You can start such programs as soon as you wish, and start saving immediately thereafter. You will be greatly surprised at the levels of energy losses and poor efficiency of some of the devices in your facility that consume power when the facility is operational and also the energy consumption of your facility when it is not operational. Did you know that a typical microwave oven consumes more electricity power in the digital clock than it does heating food? BOTH OF THESE FACTORS ARE COSTING YOUR ORGANISATION - energy bills are generally at least 20% of the running costs of a business, so reductions in these bills are directly responsible for better profits.
At the end of this course, participants will learn about:
- Establish an Energy Savings Strategy for your organisation
- Put together practical energy efficiency plans for your firm that will save money
- Use the energy savings toolkit and checklist from the course in your workplace
- Conduct a simple energy audit of your workplace and collect good data
- Read and interpret data from different types of measurement equipment
- Interpret and analyse case study data and relate this detail to your facility
- Improve employee working conditions and productivity with minimal outlay
- Assist in the reduction of greenhouse gases and improvement of the environment
- Look for opportunities to set demand - side energy management strategies
- Appreciate the importance to your organisation of choices with energy suppliers
MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY
WHAT IS ENERGY EFFICIENCY?
- Energy and environment
- Energy forms and conversion
- Energy sources and energy sinks
- Can we make better use of the energy?
- How do we channel waste energy into useful output?
- Energy audit and principles
CASE STUDIES
BASIC FINANCIALS
PRACTICAL EXERCISES
- Examination of your facility
- Simple checklist on doing an energy audit
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PROCESSES
USING FUEL DIRECTLY
- Improved efficiencies
- Reduction and re-use of heat wastage
- Recovery of exhaust heat from engines
- Energy efficient designs - equipment and buildings
- Cogeneration for better efficiency
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
- Fossil fuels
- Alternatives - renewable energy and hydrogen
- Green energy
- Fuel cells
MAIN FORMS OF ENERGY
- Energy converted to electricity for direct use
- Electricity in metal smelting (electrolytic processes)
- Use of fuels for motive power
- Direct use of fuels for heating applications
- Use of fuels as part of a process
- Example from iron production (reduction process using coal)
- Conversion equipment and challenges
ELECTRICAL ENERGY GENERATION
- Electricity as the preferred energy carrier
- Conversion systems for electrical energy
- Commonly used fuels
- Methods of improving conversion efficiencies
- Better equipment
- Waste energy recovery
- Process improvements
- Cogeneration for better efficiency
- Combined cycle process for gas turbines
ELECTRICAL ENERGY USAGE
- Sectors using the major portion of electricity
- Industrial, domestic, agriculture and agro-processing, mining and metals
- Better efficiencies in electricity usage
- Uses of electricity
- Motive power
- Lighting
- Space heating and cooling
- Better efficiencies in electricity usage
ENERGY EFFICIENT PRACTICES IN
ELECTRICITY USE
- High efficiency motors
- Better T&D practices
- Role of power factor
- Motor rating and efficiency correlation
- Variable speed drives as energy-savers
- Lighting efficiency
- Efficient luminaires
- Use of daylight to supplement artificial lighting
- Intelligent buildings to reduce wastage of electricity
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN CLIMATE
CONTROL APPLICATIONS
- Need for climate control
- Industry and comfort examples
- Efficiency in heating
- Reducing heat loss through better design
- Efficiency in cooling
- Building design features to improve cooling
- The paradox of cooling
- Temperature reduction but no energy recovery
- Use of waste heat for cooling
- Comparison between compression
- refrigeration and absorption chillers
- Examples from industrial applications
ENERGY COST STRUCTURE
- Identifying types of energy used
- Tariff structures
- Components of electric tariffs
- Factors in controlling electric costs
- Electric utility incentive programs
- Electric meters
- Gas rates
- Oil, coal, and other rates
- Steam and hot water rates
- Factors in controlling fuel costs
INTRODUCTION TO ENERGY AUDITS
- Purpose
- Know your process, fuels and major systems
- Compare energy usage
- Energy use index and energy cost index
- Where energy is used in facilities
- Lighting and HVAC energy use
- Data forms for recording information
- Collecting the actual data
- Walk-through inspections
- Assess energy and cost saving opportunities
INSTRUMENTATION FOR AUDITS
- Energy audit instrumentation
- Temperature-measuring instruments
- Combustion efficiency measurement
- Airflow and air leak measurement
- Thermography
- Ultrasonic leak detectors
- Data logging
- Light level meters for checking superfluous lighting
- Electric meters: voltages, current, power,
- energy and power factor
- Use of software tools in energy audits
AUDIT AREAS
- Building • HVAC systems
- Motor systems • Boiler Systems
- Water systems • Lighting
- Heat recovery areas
FINANCIALS AND COSTINGS
- Energy audit reports
- Simple economic measures
- The time value of money
- Cost and benefit analysis
- Rate of return
- Life cycle costing
- After tax cash flows
SUMMARY AND OPEN DISCUSSION
A working knowledge of basic engineering principles is required. Adequate industrial experience in operating and maintaining energy intensive equipment and processes will enable better appreciation of the topics discussed.